In order to study the mechanism of vacuum fluxless soldering on the conditions of laser heating, the method of measuring temperature by the thermocouple is used to analyze the spreading and wetting process of boh fluxless SnPb solder in the vacuum surroundings and flux SnPb solder on Cu pad. Solder spreading and wetting affected by the soldering thermal process is also discussed according to the thermodynamics principle. Results show that vacuum fluxless soldering demands higher temperature, and the fall of the solder surface tension is the important factor achieving fluxless laser soldering.