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自主定轨是导航卫星自主导航的重要任务,是指在地面运行控制系统不可用的情形下,利用星间测距维持导航系统星历的自主更新.本文利用北斗新一代导航试验卫星搭载的Ka波段星间双向测距数据,进行集中式自主定轨试验.首先给出了星间双向测距数据的处理流程和数学模型,并分析了星间双向测距数据的测量特性.结果表明星间双向测距数据是一种高精度的距离测量.将星间双向测距数据用于定轨处理,残差标准差小于1 0 cm,均值好于1.0 cm,解算的设备零值稳定度好于0.2 ns.分别利用重叠弧段比较、用户等效距离误差评估和激光残差等方式评估了自主定轨的精度.结果表明,在一个地面锚固站支持下,自主定轨得到的卫星轨道径向重叠弧段互差优于6 cm,预报2 4 h径向重叠弧段互差优于1 0 cm.2 4 h预报轨道用户等效距离误差为0.4 3 m,优于L波段预报轨道的0.76 m,激光残差优于1 0 cm.星间链路对地观测为自主定轨提供空间基准,避免星座的整体旋转.本文讨论对地测量时长对自主定轨的影响.结果表明即使星间链路对地观测的截止高度角为60°,自主定轨结果和2 4 h预报轨道径向误差优于10 cm,三维位置优于1.5 m.
Autonomous orbit determination is an important task of navigation satellite autonomous navigation, which refers to the autonomous updating of the ephemeris maintained by the navigation satellite system using the inter-satellite distance measurement when the ground operation control system is not available.In this paper, Ka Band two-way distance measurement data, for centralized autonomous orbit determination experiment.Firstly, the processing flow and mathematical model of inter-satellite bi-directional distance measurement data are given, and the measurement characteristics of inter-satellite bi-directional distance measurement data are analyzed.The results show that the inter- Bi-directional ranging data is a kind of high-accuracy distance measurement. The inter-satellite bi-directional ranging data is used for orbit determination. The residual standard deviation is less than 10 cm with a mean value better than 1.0 cm. At 0.2 ns, the precision of autonomous orbit determination was evaluated by means of overlapping arcs, user equivalent distance error assessment and laser residuals, respectively. The results show that with the support of a ground anchoring station, the orbital path The reciprocal difference to overlapping arcs is better than 6 cm, and the reciprocal difference of the radial overlapping arcs at 24 h forecast is better than that of 1 0 cm.2 4 h. The equivalent distance error of the orbital users is 0.4 3 m, which is better than that of the L-band forecast orbit 0.76 m, excellent laser residuals At 10 cm, the earth observation of the inter-earth link provides a spatial basis for autonomous orbit determination and avoids the overall rotation of the constellation. This paper discusses the effect of the earth length measurement on autonomous orbit determination. The cutoff height angle is 60 °. The results of autonomous orbit determination and 24 h predicted orbit radial errors are better than 10 cm, and the three-dimensional position is better than 1.5 m.