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目的:观察氟中毒大鼠肾组织损伤的形态定量病理变化特点,探讨过量氟对肾脏的毒性作用。方法:用富钙平衡饲料与低钙偏食饲料分别饲养大鼠,经饮水投氟每升分别含110.5mg、221.0mg、331.5mg氟化钠的高氟水造成水型氟中毒。应用HPIAS—1000电子计算机彩色图像分析系统测试氟中毒大鼠肾组织的鲍曼氏囊腔面积、肾小球周长、血管球周长、肾小管上皮细胞面积、肾小管管腔面积、肾小管管腔面积/肾小管面积之比等。结果:常规食中剂量氟组和高剂量氟组的肾小球球囊面积明显高于常规食对照组(P<0.05),偏食低钙加氟各组肾小球球囊面积也明显高于偏食低钙对照组(P<0.05)。偏食低钙高剂量加氟组肾小管面积较偏食低钙对照组变小(P<0.05),偏食低钙加氟各组较偏食低钙对照组肾小管管腔面积与肾小管上皮细胞比值明显变小(P<0.01)。结论:氟中毒情况下可使肾小球球囊腔增大及其肾小管管腔明显变化,这种损伤性变化可能对肾脏排氟功能有不同程度的影响。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the morphological and pathological changes of kidney tissue in fluorosis rats and to explore the toxic effects of excessive fluoride on the kidney. Methods: Rats were fed with calcium-rich balanced diet and low-calcium partial eclipse feed, respectively. Water-type fluorosis was induced by high fluoride water containing 110.5mg, 221.0mg and 331.5mg sodium fluoride respectively. Application of HPIAS-1000 electronic computer color image analysis system of fluorosis in rat kidney tissue Bowman’s capsule area, glomerular perimeter, glomerular pericytes, tubular epithelial cell area, tubular lumen area, renal tubules Lumen area / tubular area ratio. Results: The area of glomerulus balloon was significantly higher in conventional and middle-dose fluoride group than in high-dose fluoride group (P <0.05), and the area of glomerular balloon was also significantly higher in each group Partial eclipse low calcium control group (P <0.05). The area of renal tubules in the partial eclipse low-calcium and high-dose fluoride group was smaller than that in the partial low-calcium control group (P <0.05), and the ratio of renal tubular area and tubular epithelial cells in the partial eclipse low-calcium and fluoride groups was lower than that in the partial- Smaller (P <0.01). Conclusion: Fluorosis can increase the glomerular balloon cavity and the tubular lumen significantly change, this damage may have different degrees of renal fluorosis function.