河南省曾是我国黑热病的严重流行区 ,中华白蛉为传播媒介 ,新中国成立前全省病例达 5 0万[1] 。经积极防治 ,2 0世纪中期后传播已经阻断[2 ] ,但在其后的监测中发现 ,不仅有输入病例发生[3 ] ,而且在京广铁路以西的丘陵山区尚有媒介白蛉残存[4] ,表明黑热病传播的潜在危险依然? Henan Province was once a severe epidemic area of ​​China’s kala-azar, and Chinese whitefowl was used as a transmission medium. Before the founding of New China, there were 500,000 cases in the province [1]. After active prevention and control, transmission has been blocked since the middle of the 20th century [2]. However, subsequent surveillance showed that not only the imported cases [3], but also the remaining media Baixia in the hilly area west of the Jing-Guang Railroad [4], indicating that the potential danger of transmission of kala-azar remains?