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目的调查肉鸡屠宰场加工环节中沙门菌的污染状况。方法采集肉鸡屠宰场的入厂活鸡肛拭子样本,宰杀褪毛后整禽样本、预冷后整禽样本、预冷池水、分割刀具和案板、冷冻鸡肉样本以及工人手涂抹样本,按《食源性致病菌监测工作手册》方法检测沙门菌。结果 2011—2012年共检测样品896份,检出沙门菌293株,检出率为32.7%;鸡胴体的检出率高于鸡活体。2011年沙门菌优势血清型为印第安纳沙门菌、鼠伤寒沙门菌和肠炎沙门菌,2012年优势血清型为印第安纳沙门菌、肠炎沙门菌。宰杀后样品中印第安纳沙门菌的构成比有所下降,而鼠伤寒、肠炎等其他优势血清型的构成比相对增加。结论沙门菌广泛存在于屠宰场各环节样品中,宰杀环节易导致沙门菌的交叉污染。
Objective To investigate the status of Salmonella contamination in the slaughterhouse processing. Methods Samples of live swine anal swab at slaughterhouse were slaughtered, slaughtered whole bird samples were slaughtered, pre-cooled whole bird samples, pre-cooling water, split knives and chopping boards, frozen chicken samples and samples of workers’ Foodborne pathogens monitoring manual "method to detect Salmonella. Results A total of 896 samples were detected in 2011-2012, and 293 strains of Salmonella were detected with a detection rate of 32.7%. The detection rate of chicken carcasses was higher than that of chickens. The dominant serotypes of Salmonella in 2011 were Salmonella enterica, Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis. In 2012, the predominant serotypes were Salmonella enterica and Salmonella enteritidis. The constituent ratio of Salmonella enterica in the samples after slaughter declined, while the constituent ratio of other predominant serotypes such as typhoid fever and enteritis was relatively increased. Conclusion Salmonella is widely present in various samples of slaughterhouse. The killing of Salmonella causes cross-contamination of Salmonella.