二战后的美国诗坛形成了多元的后现代诗潮格局,从第一个反学院派的诗派—黑山诗派开始,垮掉诗派、自白诗派、意象派在这一时期都显现出各个派别的鲜明特征。诗人非常关注美国社会的生存环境以及人民心灵深处的诉求,并将这些情感借助诗歌的形式进行了表达。通过认知诗学的理论去解读诗歌流派,可以发现当时的社会背景和战后人民的心理建设对诗歌的创作过程有着非常重要的影响。 After the Second World War, the American poetry circles formed a pluralistic pattern of postmodern poetry. Starting from the first anti-academic school-Montenegrin poetry school, the Beibu school, the confession school and the image school all showed Distinctive features of the factions. The poet pays close attention to the living environment of the American society and the aspiration of the people in his heart, and expresses these emotions in the form of poetry. Through the cognitive poetry theory to interpret poetry genres, we can find that the social background of the time and the psychological construction of the post-war people have a very important impact on the process of writing poetry.