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以戊烷为溶剂,在脱沥青实验装置上对辽河稠油减渣进行梯级分离,得到轻脱油、重脱油和脱油沥青。在温度155℃~170℃、压力为4.0 MPa~7.0 MPa,考察了温度、压力变化对脱沥青油收率及性质的影响。用超临界萃取分馏的实验结果关联了脱沥青油残炭、N元素、Ni元素的脱除率。结果表明,压力升高、温度降低,脱沥青油收率增加,轻、重脱油的残炭值及S、N、Ni、V等元素含量升高,脱沥青油性质变差。在脱沥青油收率最高为74.23%时,Ca、Ni元素的脱除率分别为92.75%、74.50%;残炭的脱除率为62.13%;N、S元素的脱除率分别为40.17%、24.10%。超临界萃取馏分油的杂质脱除率与脱沥青油的杂质脱除率有较好的相关性。
Using pentane as solvent, the heavy oil in Liaohe residue was cascaded and separated on deasphalting equipment to obtain light oil, heavy oil and deoiling asphalt. The effects of temperature and pressure on the yield and properties of deasphalted oil were investigated at a temperature of 155 ℃ ~ 170 ℃ and a pressure of 4.0 MPa ~ 7.0 MPa. The experimental results of fractionation by supercritical fluid correlate the removal rates of carbon, N and Ni in deasphalted oil. The results showed that the pressure increased, the temperature decreased, the yield of deasphalted oil increased, the carbon residue of light, heavy and de-oiling and the content of S, N, Ni, V and other elements increased, and the deasphalted oil deteriorated in quality. When the yield of deasphalted oil was up to 74.23%, the removal rates of Ca and Ni were 92.75% and 74.50% respectively; the removal rate of residual carbon was 62.13%; the removal rates of N and S were 40.17% , 24.10%. The removal rate of impurities in supercritical distillate has a good correlation with the removal rate of deasphalted oil.