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高地应力、高地温、高渗透压以及强时间效应使得深部裂隙岩体表现出一定的延性、蠕变性等软岩力学特性,现有锚固理论落后于工程实践的现状,导致许多锚固工程设计多采用经验、半经验方法。几十年来,国内外诸多学者对深部岩体锚固机制开展了大量现场、室内试验及数值计算工作,岩体锚杆锚固作用机制方面的理论研究取得了丰硕成果,但由于深部岩体所处地质条件的复杂性,这些成果普适性和准确性较低。结合已有的锚固理论,运用合理的数值模拟方法与现场、室内试验对岩土锚固机制进行深入研究,进而指导锚固工程设计施工具有重大意义。对深部裂隙岩体锚固机制研究现状进行了系统全面的总结,归纳分析了该研究领域存在的关键科学问题,主要包括:选择合理的锚固力学传递计算模型、正确描述锚固体应力分布规律、建立合理的锚固界面力学模型。深部裂隙岩体锚固机制研究应综合考虑工程应用效果和加锚岩体形态、加锚构件效应等因素。
The high ground stress, the high geotemperature, the high osmotic pressure and the strong time effect make the deep fractured rock mass exhibit some soft rock mechanical properties such as ductility and creep property. The existing anchoring theory lags behind the current engineering practice, resulting in many anchorage engineering designs Empirical, semi-empirical methods. For decades, many scholars at home and abroad have carried out a great deal of on-site and in-house experiments and numerical calculations on the anchoring mechanism of deep rock mass. The theoretical research on anchoring mechanism of rock bolting has achieved fruitful results. However, due to the geology The complexity of the conditions, these results are less common and less accurate. Combined with the existing anchoring theory, it is of great significance to study the anchoring mechanism of rock and soil by using reasonable numerical simulation methods and field and laboratory tests, and to guide the design and construction of anchoring engineering. This paper summarizes the research status quo of anchoring mechanism in deep fractured rock mass systematically and summarizes the key scientific problems in this research area. The main problems are as follows: choosing a reasonable computational model of anchoring mechanical transfer, correctly describing the stress distribution of anchoring body, Anchoring interface mechanical model. The research on the anchoring mechanism of deep fractured rock mass should comprehensively consider the engineering application effect, the shape of anchored rock mass and the effect of the anchor component.