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流感病毒宿主范围广泛,包括各种野生水禽、岸基鸟、海鸥、家禽、猪、马、犬、海洋哺乳动物、人等。各亚型在不同宿主中的分布,存在宿主范围限制性,但其跨种属传播导致的流感暴发流行将对对人类乃至整个地球的生态系统将产生巨大影响。定期大规模的流行病学调查,以及保护性疫苗的应用将有助于人们及早采取预防措施,减轻流感暴发流行引起的损失。现就流感病毒在自然宿主中的分布及流行,以及如何预测及监控流感病毒变异及流行做一综述。
Influenza hosts are wide-ranging and include a variety of wild waterfowl, shore-based birds, seagulls, poultry, pigs, horses, dogs, marine mammals, and others. The distribution of subtypes in different hosts may have restricted host range. However, the outbreak of influenza caused by inter-species transmission will have a huge impact on the ecosystem of humans and the entire Earth. Regular and large-scale epidemiological surveys, as well as the use of protective vaccines, will help people take precautionary measures early and reduce the losses caused by the flu outbreak. Now on the distribution and prevalence of influenza virus in the natural host, and how to predict and monitor influenza virus mutations and epidemiology to do a review.