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采用膜蒸馏分离废水中的HCl时常伴生着水蒸气的传质,影响HCl的分离效果。为抑制水的传质,文章考虑采用热耦合渗透蒸馏,建立了利用实验结果计算总传质系数和选择性分离系数的方程,分析了HCl-H2O体系气液平衡关系及跨膜传质推动力。研究结果表明,升高料液温度或增大料液流速均能提高HCl的总传质系数,但却降低了选择性分离系数;废水为盐酸和硫酸混合液时,能够抑制水蒸气的传质,且硫酸浓度越大,抑制作用越明显,能够同时提高总传质系数和选择性分离系数;废水中含有氯盐时,同离子效应和离子的水化作用产生的盐析效应能够抑制水蒸气的传质,提高选择性分离系数。
The use of membrane distillation of HCl in wastewater is often associated with the mass transfer of water vapor, affecting the separation of HCl. In order to restrain the mass transfer of water, the article considers the thermal coupling osmotic distillation, and establishes the equation to calculate the total mass transfer coefficient and the selective separation coefficient by using the experimental results. The gas-liquid equilibrium relationship of HCl-H2O system and the driving force of the transmembrane mass transfer are analyzed . The results show that increasing the feed liquid temperature or increasing the feed flow rate can increase the total mass transfer coefficient of HCl, but reduce the selective separation coefficient. When the wastewater is a mixture of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, the mass transfer of water vapor can be suppressed , And the greater the concentration of sulfuric acid, the more obvious the inhibitory effect, and can simultaneously improve the total mass transfer coefficient and selective separation coefficient; when the wastewater contains chlorine salts, the salting-out effect produced by the same ionic effect and ionic hydration can inhibit water vapor Mass transfer, increase the selectivity of separation factor.