正当西晋司马氏统治集团内部互相残杀、举国大乱之际,内迁到中原广大地区的匈奴、羯、氐、羌、鲜卑等少数民族贵族,趁机揭竿而起,以自己的部族为骨干,吞并邻近部落和县、乡,各霸一方,纷纷脱离西晋王朝统治,建立起独立政权。在北魏统一北方之前,长江以北自西晋被匈奴灭亡后,先后出现了一成(汉)、二赵(前、后)、三秦(前、后、西)、四燕(前、后、南、北)、五凉(前、后、南、北、西)和夏、冉魏、西燕、代等政权20个左右,历史上称这一时期为“五胡”十六国时期。 Just as the Sima ruling clique in West Jin Dynasty ruined each other and the entire nation was chaos, the ethnic minorities such as the Huns, Jie, Qiang, Xian Bei and other ethnic minorities who moved inland to the vast Central Plains took the opportunity to rise up, took their tribe as the backbone and annexed the neighboring tribes and County, township, the tyrant party, one after another from the Western Jin dynasty rule, establish an independent regime. Before the Northern Wei Dynasty unified the north, there were successively 10% (Han), 2 Zhao (before and after), Sanqin (before, after, and west) and Siyan (before, South and North), Wu Liang (before, after, south, north and west) and summer, Ran Wei, Xiyan and other regimes about 20, historically referred to as “Wuhu” during the " .