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渤海湾2003年以来在不到十年内因高强度开发岸线形态变化极大,然而目前对此背景下潮波系统累积变化过程及其响应机制认识不足.选取渤海湾2003年、2006年、2012年、远期规划、0 m围填以及-5 m围填等6个代表围填阶段,利用二维潮波数学模型,通过对比整体围填与逐一累加围填对潮波系统变化的影响以及对比围填岸段潮差大小与潮波系统变化的对应关系,揭示了潮波系统累积变化过程及变化的主导机制,为认识人类对潮波系统的影响提供了客观依据.研究显示,渤海湾不同围填阶段对M_2分潮影响远大于对K_1分潮影响,且对黄河口外M_2分潮无潮点影响明显;围填规模增加使得该M_2分潮无潮点先向东南移动再向东北移动,海湾西部潮差先变大再减小,潮波传播速度先加快至0 m围填后趋于稳定,-5 m围填阶段潮波系统虽变化明显但湾内潮汐性质不变.从北向南逆时针方向逐一增加围填直至远期规划围填全部实施,该无潮点将先向西南再向东南移动.受旋转潮波控制的半封闭海湾,围填所在岸段潮差越大,对潮波系统影响越明显.持续围填将使海湾沿岸低地有被淹没的危险,使得湾内流速减缓,水交换减弱,还会影响黄河口附近冲淤以及海岸防护和设计标准.
In the Bohai Bay, the change of coastline shape due to high strength development has been greatly changed in less than ten years since 2003. However, there is not enough understanding of the process of cumulative change and its response mechanism of tidal wave system in this background.Selected Bohai Bay in 2003, 2006, 2012 Year long-term planning, 0 m reclamation and -5 m reclamation, the paper uses the two-dimensional tidal wave mathematical model to compare the impact of the whole and successive filling on the tidal wave system changes and By comparing the corresponding relationship between the tide difference and the tide wave system changes in the floodplain, it reveals the dominant mechanism of the cumulative change process and the change of the tide wave system, which provides an objective basis for understanding the influence of the human on the tidal wave system.Research shows that the Bohai Bay The influence of different filling stages on M 2 tide is far greater than that on K 1 tide and has obvious influence on the M tidal tide without tidal point outside the Yellow River estuary. Increasing the filling scale makes the M 2 tide move tide to the southeast and then to the northeast , The tidal range in the western part of the gulf first increased and then decreased, the tidal wave propagation speed first accelerated to 0 m and then stabilized. The tidal wave system in the -5 m reclamation stage changed obviously but the tidal nature within the bay remained unchanged. Counterclockwise one by one The filling will be completed until the long-term planning filling is completed, and the tide-free point will first move to the southwest and then to the southeast again. The semi-enclosed bay controlled by the rotational tidal wave will affect the tide wave system The more obvious, the continuous reclamation will risk flooding the lowland of the Gulf coast, slowing down the flow in the bay and reducing the water exchange, and will also affect the scouring and silting near the mouth of the Yellow River and the coastal protection and design standards.