本文较详细地介绍了美国马丁·玛丽埃塔公司最近研究设计的一种低温上面级的布局、结构和性能。目前已设计的大推力和小推力两种型号都使用了相同的环形贮箱结构,其目的是要降低上面级的生产成本。使用这种上面级后预计可提高运载火箭和轨道器运载有效载荷的能力。 This article presents a more detailed description of a recent low-temperature design, structure, and performance of Martin Marietta, USA. At present, both models have been designed for large thrust and small thrust using the same ring tank structure, the purpose is to reduce the production costs of the above level. The use of this upper level is expected to increase the ability of launch vehicles and orbiters to carry payloads.