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从句分名词性从句､定语从句和状语从句三类。名词性从句的主要考点有语序问题､连接词的选用､语态呼应等。定语从句的主要考点有非限制性定语从句的理解，定语从句与同位语从句的区别，定语从句中的主谓一致。状语从句的主要考点有状语从句的引导词､状语从句的位置､状语从句的转换。
例1.(2007北京卷)
We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people， most of __________ are healthy.
A. that B. which
C. what D. whom
[解析]此定语从句的先行词是many people，指人，去掉B和C;在非限制性定语从句中不用that，因此选择whom。答案D。
[知识链接]引导定语从句时，关系代词用that，which指物，that，who， whom指人。在非限制性定语从句中不用that。
[解题技巧]此类试题考查从句的引导词，主要判断先行词是指人还是指事。例如:
①The boy hit the girl student，__________ I admire very much.
②The boy hit the girl student，__________ surprised me very much.
A. whom B. which
C. that D. when
通过句意的分析判断，第一句的先行词是the girl student，指人，所以用whom作为引导词选A;第二句的先行词是The boy hit the girl student，指这一件事，所以用which作为引导词选B。
[变式跟踪]
1. The famous basketball star， __________ tried to make a comeback， attracted a lot of attention.
A. where B. when
C. which D. who
例2.(2007北京卷)
—Where’s that report?
—I brought it to you __________ you were in Mr. Black’s office yesterday.
A. if B. when
C. because D. before
[解析]根据题意:“那份报告在哪里?”“昨天在布莱克先生办公室的时候我给你了。”可以判断空白处为时间状语。答案B。
[知识链接]when既可引导一个持续动作，也可以引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句和从句同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。例如:I used to go to the seashore on Sundays when I lived there.
[变式跟踪]
2. The air force paid ￥5，000 to a part-time Santa Claus whose reindeer died of heart failure __________ two fighter jets passed overhead.
A. as if B. when
C. since D. while
例3.(2006天津卷)
There is much chance __________ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
A. that B. which
C. until D. if
[解析]此题句意为:“存在着极大的可能性的是比尔在比赛前及时从伤痛中恢复。”根据句子结构判断，此题应填引导同位语从句的引导词that。答案A。
[知识链接]引导同位语从句时，应在某些名词如fact， hope， desire， thought， idea， news， problem， statement， possibility之后，对这个名词起补充说明的作用，只起引导同位语从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分。
[解题技巧]根据引导词在从句中是否充当一个句子成分来判断是同位语从句还是定语从句:在从句中充当句子成分，是定语从句;在从句中不充当句子成分的，是同位语从句。在定语从句中一般来说that/which可以替换(在非限制性定语从句中不用that除外)，而在同位语从句中不能用which替换that。
[变式跟踪]
3. Many newspapers printed the mayor’s statement __________ he would support a tax cut.
A. and B. was that
C. which D. that
例4.(2005安徽卷)
You must keep on working in the evening __________ you are sure you can finish the task in time.
A. as B. if
C. when D. unless
[解析]此题句意为:“如果没有把握按时完成任务，就必须晚上继续工作。”由句意可知空白处表示“除非，如果不”。答案D。
[知识链接]此类试题不需要分析句子结构，只需要将句子语意读懂就行。
[变式跟踪]
4. __________ we have finished our job ahead of time，we can have a rest now.
A. For B. Now that
C. Ever since D. By now
模拟练习
1. Would you please tell me __________ you know is good at typing?(2007西安二次质检)
A. whom B. whomever C. whose D. whoever
2. The biggest reason I like the new rule is __________ it sets a good example to young athletes. (2007郑州二次抽测)
A. how B. why C. that D. when
3. They kept trying __________ they knew it was hopeless.(2007湖北八校二联)
A. when B. unless C. as D. till
4. How long is it __________ we last spent the holiday in the country together?(2005北京海淀期末)
A. until B. before C. since D. that
5. You can， __________ the sky is clear， see as far as the old temple on top of the mountain， but not today. (2007重庆一次抽测)
A. when B. where C. though D. because
6. You’d better take a pen when you go to the meeting __________ there is something important to write down. (2007北京海淀4月模拟)
A. as if B. so that C. in order D. in case
7. —We have decided to go outing tomorrow. Join us?
—Well， __________ you are going， so will I. (2007黄冈3月)
A. when B. since C. if D. while
8. Last year the Browns moved to Toronto， __________ they had long dreamed of living in. (2005江西联考)
A. where B. which C. in which D. /
9. Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very weaknesses who stood at the point in history __________ magic ended and science began. (2007湖南八校)
A. where B. that C. which D. what
10. In front of the whole class， he made his promise __________ he would win the prize. (2007北京东城综合一)
A. that B. which C. what D. whether
11. I really don’t know __________ I had my money stolen. (2006湖南师范高中)
A. when was it that B. that it was when
C. where it was that D. it was where
12. Food shortage will long be a worldwide problem __________ much has been done to supply enough for everyone. (2006烟台诊断)
A. before B. if C. since D. although
13. This is Mr. White， __________ I think __________ something interesting to tell you.(2005北京海淀)
A. who， has B. who， have C. whom， has D. whom， have
参考答案
[变式跟踪]1—4 DBDB
[模拟练习]1—6 DCACAD 7—13 BBAACDA
编辑/梁宇清
例1.(2007北京卷)
We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people， most of __________ are healthy.
A. that B. which
C. what D. whom
[解析]此定语从句的先行词是many people，指人，去掉B和C;在非限制性定语从句中不用that，因此选择whom。答案D。
[知识链接]引导定语从句时，关系代词用that，which指物，that，who， whom指人。在非限制性定语从句中不用that。
[解题技巧]此类试题考查从句的引导词，主要判断先行词是指人还是指事。例如:
①The boy hit the girl student，__________ I admire very much.
②The boy hit the girl student，__________ surprised me very much.
A. whom B. which
C. that D. when
通过句意的分析判断，第一句的先行词是the girl student，指人，所以用whom作为引导词选A;第二句的先行词是The boy hit the girl student，指这一件事，所以用which作为引导词选B。
[变式跟踪]
1. The famous basketball star， __________ tried to make a comeback， attracted a lot of attention.
A. where B. when
C. which D. who
例2.(2007北京卷)
—Where’s that report?
—I brought it to you __________ you were in Mr. Black’s office yesterday.
A. if B. when
C. because D. before
[解析]根据题意:“那份报告在哪里?”“昨天在布莱克先生办公室的时候我给你了。”可以判断空白处为时间状语。答案B。
[知识链接]when既可引导一个持续动作，也可以引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句和从句同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。例如:I used to go to the seashore on Sundays when I lived there.
[变式跟踪]
2. The air force paid ￥5，000 to a part-time Santa Claus whose reindeer died of heart failure __________ two fighter jets passed overhead.
A. as if B. when
C. since D. while
例3.(2006天津卷)
There is much chance __________ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
A. that B. which
C. until D. if
[解析]此题句意为:“存在着极大的可能性的是比尔在比赛前及时从伤痛中恢复。”根据句子结构判断，此题应填引导同位语从句的引导词that。答案A。
[知识链接]引导同位语从句时，应在某些名词如fact， hope， desire， thought， idea， news， problem， statement， possibility之后，对这个名词起补充说明的作用，只起引导同位语从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分。
[解题技巧]根据引导词在从句中是否充当一个句子成分来判断是同位语从句还是定语从句:在从句中充当句子成分，是定语从句;在从句中不充当句子成分的，是同位语从句。在定语从句中一般来说that/which可以替换(在非限制性定语从句中不用that除外)，而在同位语从句中不能用which替换that。
[变式跟踪]
3. Many newspapers printed the mayor’s statement __________ he would support a tax cut.
A. and B. was that
C. which D. that
例4.(2005安徽卷)
You must keep on working in the evening __________ you are sure you can finish the task in time.
A. as B. if
C. when D. unless
[解析]此题句意为:“如果没有把握按时完成任务，就必须晚上继续工作。”由句意可知空白处表示“除非，如果不”。答案D。
[知识链接]此类试题不需要分析句子结构，只需要将句子语意读懂就行。
[变式跟踪]
4. __________ we have finished our job ahead of time，we can have a rest now.
A. For B. Now that
C. Ever since D. By now
模拟练习
1. Would you please tell me __________ you know is good at typing?(2007西安二次质检)
A. whom B. whomever C. whose D. whoever
2. The biggest reason I like the new rule is __________ it sets a good example to young athletes. (2007郑州二次抽测)
A. how B. why C. that D. when
3. They kept trying __________ they knew it was hopeless.(2007湖北八校二联)
A. when B. unless C. as D. till
4. How long is it __________ we last spent the holiday in the country together?(2005北京海淀期末)
A. until B. before C. since D. that
5. You can， __________ the sky is clear， see as far as the old temple on top of the mountain， but not today. (2007重庆一次抽测)
A. when B. where C. though D. because
6. You’d better take a pen when you go to the meeting __________ there is something important to write down. (2007北京海淀4月模拟)
A. as if B. so that C. in order D. in case
7. —We have decided to go outing tomorrow. Join us?
—Well， __________ you are going， so will I. (2007黄冈3月)
A. when B. since C. if D. while
8. Last year the Browns moved to Toronto， __________ they had long dreamed of living in. (2005江西联考)
A. where B. which C. in which D. /
9. Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very weaknesses who stood at the point in history __________ magic ended and science began. (2007湖南八校)
A. where B. that C. which D. what
10. In front of the whole class， he made his promise __________ he would win the prize. (2007北京东城综合一)
A. that B. which C. what D. whether
11. I really don’t know __________ I had my money stolen. (2006湖南师范高中)
A. when was it that B. that it was when
C. where it was that D. it was where
12. Food shortage will long be a worldwide problem __________ much has been done to supply enough for everyone. (2006烟台诊断)
A. before B. if C. since D. although
13. This is Mr. White， __________ I think __________ something interesting to tell you.(2005北京海淀)
A. who， has B. who， have C. whom， has D. whom， have
参考答案
[变式跟踪]1—4 DBDB
[模拟练习]1—6 DCACAD 7—13 BBAACDA
编辑/梁宇清