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1939年8月,国民政府颁布《县各级组织纲要》,通令各省普遍实行“新县制”以推进地方自治。国民政府借地方“自治”名义,逐渐加强中央对地方社会的控制力度。随着国家权力向下延伸与扩张,国家基层行政官员县长的职责也相应加重。同时在抗战背景下,由于军事需要,县长承担着不同以往的重任。县长不仅必须努力推进大量本职工作,还必须完成众多兼职工作。县长事繁任重影响着其行政作为的发挥,也影响着民众对县长及国民政府之观感。
In August 1939, the National Government promulgated the “Compendium of Organizations at all Levels”, which instructed all provinces to implement “new county system” in a bid to promote local autonomy. The national government has gradually strengthened the control exercised by the Central Government over the local community under the name of “autonomy”. With the downward extension and expansion of state power, the responsibilities of the county chief of grass-roots administrative officials also correspondingly increase. At the same time, under the background of the war of resistance against Japan, the county magistrate assumed different responsibilities due to military needs. The magistrate must not only work hard to promote a large amount of his own work, but also have to finish many part-time jobs. The frequent incumbency of county magistrates affects the exertion of their administrative acts and affects the people’s perception of the magistrate and the national government.