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电力产业是国民经济的基础产业,电价的高低直接影响到企业竞争力和居民生活水平。随着电力体制改革的深入,我国电价结构将由单一的销售电价逐渐发展成为包括上网电价、输配电电价和零售电价在内的多元化价格链。研究了我国的电力价格链及电价形成机制。指出电力设备折旧年限、发输配电价格比例关系和需求侧响应是影响我国电价水平的主要因素,制定合适的电力设备折旧政策,确定价格链中上网电价和输配电价的合理比例,完善电力市场竞争结构,削弱市场力的实施,综合优化设计多元化零售电价体系是完善我国电力产业价格链形成机制的有效途径。
Electricity industry is the basic industry of the national economy, the level of electricity prices directly affect the competitiveness of enterprises and residents living standards. With the deepening of the power system reform, China’s electricity price structure will gradually evolve from a single sales price to a diversified price chain including the on-grid electricity price, transmission and distribution electricity price and retail electricity price. Studied the electricity price chain and electricity pricing mechanism in our country. It points out that the depreciation period of power equipment, the ratio of transmission and distribution price and the response of demand side are the main factors affecting the level of electricity price in our country, and formulate appropriate depreciation policy of electric equipment to determine the reasonable proportion of on-grid electricity price and transmission and distribution price in the price chain. Market competition structure, weakening the implementation of market power, and comprehensively optimizing the diversified retail price system are the effective ways to perfect the formation mechanism of China’s power industry price chain.