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In this paper we bring up a Monte Carlo theory based method to measure the ground vegetation parameters,and make quantitative description of the error.The leaf area index is used as the example in the study.Its mean and variance stability at different scales or in different time is verified using both the computer simulation and the statistics of remotely sensed images.And the error of Monte Carlo sampling method is analyzed based on the normal distribution theory and the central-limit theorem.The results show that the variance of leaf area index in the same area is stable at certain scales or in the same time of different years.The difference between experimental results and theoretical ones is small.The significance of this study is to establish a measurement procedure of ground vegetation parameters with an error control system.