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中国是世界上种植稻谷最早的国家之一。公元前5000年左右,中国长江流域已经开始种稻。据河姆渡原始社会遗址发现,稻谷、谷壳、稻杆、稻叶堆积厚度达40～50厘米,并有籼稻和粳稻之分。栽培稻是由野生稻培育而来的。231年,《三国志》记载嘉兴一带有野生稻自生。后在扬州一带也发现大面积野生稻存在。在水稻栽培品种方面2世纪已出现了水稻移栽技术。汉代已掌握稻田水温调节技术,《汜胜之书》上说:“始种稻欲温,温者缺其堘、令水道相直;夏至后大热,令水稻错。”3世纪,《广志》记有南方水稻品种达12个之多。
China is one of the earliest countries in the world to grow rice. About 5000 BC, China’s Yangtze River has begun to grow rice. According to Hemudu primitive social sites found that paddy, chaff, rice straw, rice leaf thickness of 40 to 50 cm, and indica and japonica points. Cultivated rice is cultivated from wild rice. In 231 years, “Three Kingdoms” records wild spontaneous rice in Jiaxing. After Yangzhou area also found a large area of wild rice exists. In the second century, rice transplanting techniques have emerged in rice cultivars. Han Dynasty has mastered the technology of regulating water temperature in paddy fields, said in the Book of Nai Shing: “The beginning of rice is warm, the warmth is lacking, and the watercourse is straight. After the summer solstice, the rice is wrong.” In the 3rd century, “Guangzhi” remembers up to 12 southern rice varieties.