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目的:探讨t(8;21)急性髓系白血病(acute myeloid leukemia,AML)的遗传学特点。方法:回顾性分析浙江大学医学院第一附属医院血液科154例t(8;21)AML的遗传学、免疫学和分子生物学资料。为便于分析染色体核型与FAB分型的关系,把患者分为单纯t(8;21)组(69例)、单纯伴性染色体丢失组(54例)和其他附加染色体组(31例)。结果:按FAB分型:M2127例(82.5%)、M515例(9.7%)、M46例(3.9%)、M14例(2.6%)、M02例(1.3%);附加染色体异常85例(55.2%),其中-Y43例,占男性核型的44.1%;-X 17例,占女性核型的27.9%;9q-9例,占总例数5.8%;+8 5例,占3.4%,+4 3例,占2.0%;其他类型染色体异常17例,占11.4%;其他附加染色体异常组有非M2(M0、M1、M4、和M5)病例11例,占该组35.5%,高于单纯t(8;21)组的17.4%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);伴性单纯染色体丢失组有4例(7.4%),低于单纯t(8;21)组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:t(8;21)AML常伴有其他染色体异常,主要见于M2型,除性染色体丢失以外附加染色体异常更易见于非M2型AML。
Objective: To investigate the genetic characteristics of t (8; 21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods: The genetics, immunology and molecular biology data of 154 t (8; 21) AML patients from Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Zhejiang University were retrospectively analyzed. To facilitate the analysis of the relationship between chromosomal karyotypes and FAB typing, patients were divided into simple t (8; 21) group (69 cases), simple sex chromosome loss group (54 cases) and other additional chromosomal groups (31 cases). Results: According to FAB classification, M2127 cases (82.5%), M515 cases (9.7%), M46 cases (3.9%), M14 cases (2.6%) and M02 cases (1.3% ), Of which -Y43 cases, accounting for 44.1% of male karyotype; - X 17 cases, accounting for 27.9% of female karyotype; 9q-9 cases, accounting for 5.8% of the total; +85 cases, accounting for 3.4% 4 cases, accounting for 2.0%; other types of chromosomal abnormalities in 17 cases, accounting for 11.4%; other additional chromosomal abnormalities in non-M2 (M0, M1, M4, and M5) 11 cases, accounting for 35.5% of the group, There was a significant difference between the two groups (17.4%, t (8; 21), P <0.05). There were 4 cases (7.4%) in the simple chromosome loss group, Significance (P> 0.05). CONCLUSION: Aneurysm of t (8; 21) is often associated with other chromosomal abnormalities, mainly found in type M2. Additional chromosomal abnormalities other than sex chromosomes are more likely to be found in non-M2 AML.