通过坐标变换把量子棒的哈密顿量由椭球边界变为球形边界。采用线性组合算符和么正变换方法研究了量子棒中弱耦合杂质极化子的第一内部激发态能量、激发能量和从第一内部激发态到基态跃迁频率随量子棒的横向和纵向有效受限长度、库仑束缚势、椭球的纵横比的变化关系。结果表明:它们随库仑束缚势的增加而增大,随纵横比和有效受限长度的增加而减少。表现出量子棒有趣的量子尺寸限制效应。 Through the coordinate transformation, the Hamiltonian of the quantum rod is changed from the ellipsoid boundary to the spherical boundary. The first internal excited state energy, the excitation energy and the transition frequency from the first internal excited state to the ground state of the weakly coupled impurity polaron in the quantum rod are studied with the linear combinatorial operator and the positive-displacement method. Limited length, Coulomb bound potential, ellipsoidal aspect ratio changes. The results show that they increase with the increase of Coulomb bondage and decrease with the increase of aspect ratio and effective confinement length. Quantum bars show an interesting quantum size-limiting effect.