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内蒙古乌兰图嘎锗矿是我国近年来发现的产在煤层中的超大型锗矿床,锗金属储量达1600 t。以乌兰图嘎超大型锗矿床的含锗煤为研究对象,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、带能谱的扫描电镜(SEM-EDX)和电子探针(EPMA)详细研究了乌兰图嘎含锗煤及其同时代的红旗煤矿无矿煤的矿物学特征。分析结果表明,乌兰图嘎含锗煤中的主要矿物包括石英、蒙脱石;次要矿物包括长石、高岭石、伊利石;另含少量三水铝石、角闪石、叶蜡石、石膏、绿泥石、锐钛矿、黄铁矿、方解石、白云石和草酸钙石;微量的锆石、闪锌矿、白钨矿、重晶石、黄铜矿、卤化物、磷酸盐以及含Pb、Bi、Cr、As和Sb矿物。未发现含锗矿物。推测含锗煤中的锗可能主要呈有机结合,而Ba、Zn、Ti、W、Pb、Bi、Cr、Fe、As、Zr、Sb、Cu和REE可能主要与矿物相结合。此外,首次在乌兰图嘎含锗煤及红旗煤矿无矿煤中发现含银颗粒或自然银,推测胜利煤田的褐煤可能有相当规模的Ag矿化。
Inner Mongolia Wulan Tu Ga germanium mine is found in recent years in China produced in the coal in the super-large germanium deposits, germanium metal reserves up to 1600 t. Taking the germanium-containing coal of the Ulan Tuga ultra-large germanium deposit as the research object, the effects of Ulan Tuga Mineralogical characteristics of coal containing coal containing germanium and its contemporary Hongqi coal mine. The results show that the main minerals in Ulan Tug containing germany coal include quartz and montmorillonite; the secondary minerals include feldspar, kaolinite and illite; and the other minor gibbsite, amphibole and leaf wax Stone, gypsum, chlorite, anatase, pyrite, calcite, dolomite and oxalate; traces of zircon, sphalerite, scheelite, barite, chalcopyrite, halides, phosphates As well as Pb, Bi, Cr, As and Sb minerals. No germanium-containing minerals found. It is speculated that the germanium in the germanium-containing coal may be predominantly organic and Ba, Zn, Ti, W, Pb, Bi, Cr, Fe, As, Zr, Sb, Cu and REE may be mainly combined with the mineral. In addition, for the first time, silver particles or natural silver were found in Ulan Tug containing germanium coal and non-coal mine in Hongqi coal mine. It is speculated that the lignite in Shengli coalfield may have considerable Ag mineralization.