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卵子老化是辅助生殖失败的一个重要原因。目前,许多妇女生育年龄不断推迟,导致卵子老化问题日益严重。线粒体是细胞中提供能量的重要细胞器,体细胞衰老与线粒体功能异常密切相关。由于线粒体是卵子/胚胎中数量最多的细胞器,推测线粒体功能的损伤可能在卵子老化、受精成功率和体外胚胎发育方面,也起到重要作用。本文根据前人的研究成果,阐述了线粒体在卵子成熟、受精以及胚胎发育过程中的作用,分析了线粒体老化对卵子质量和受精胚胎发育的影响,证明提高卵母细胞中线粒体功能,对提高卵母细胞/体外受精胚胎的质量具有重要的意义。
Egg aging is an important reason to help reproductive failure. At present, the fertility age of many women is constantly postponed, leading to an increasingly serious problem of egg aging. Mitochondria are important organelles that provide energy in cells. Somatic senescence is closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction. Since mitochondria are the most abundant organelles in the egg / embryo, it is speculated that damage to mitochondrial function may also play an important role in egg aging, fertilization success rates and in vitro embryonic development. Based on the results of previous studies, this paper expounds the role of mitochondria in egg maturation, fertilization and embryonic development, analyzes the effects of mitochondrial aging on egg quality and fertilized embryo development, and proves that increasing mitochondrial function in oocytes and improving ovulation The quality of blast cells / in vitro fertilized embryos is of great importance.