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采用聚氨酯(PU)为囊材,聚磷酸铵(APP)为芯材制备了微胶囊阻燃剂(MAPP)。通过溶解度测试、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对微胶囊的核壳结构进行了表征。采用氧指数法、垂直燃烧法和SEM考察了APP和MAPP对PP的阻燃效果。结果表明:与APP相比,MAPP溶解度明显下降,FITR和SEM测试表明APP被PU包覆了;通过SEM观察MAPP/PP体系在燃烧后能生成更加连续和致密的炭层,有效地保护了炭层下的材料。在聚丙烯复合材料中,当APP和MAPP添加量相同时(30%),LOI值从22.0%提高到32.0%,且UL-94达到V-0级。
Microcapsule flame retardant (MAPP) was prepared by using polyurethane (PU) as the core material and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) as the core material. The core-shell structure of microcapsules was characterized by solubility test, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The flame retardancy of APP and MAPP on PP was investigated by oxygen index method, vertical combustion method and SEM. The results showed that compared with APP, the solubility of MAPP decreased obviously. FITR and SEM tests showed that the APP was coated with PU. SEM showed that the MAPP / PP system could produce a more continuous and dense charcoal layer after burning and effectively protected charcoal Layer of material. In PP composites, LOI increased from 22.0% to 32.0% and UL-94 reached V-0 when APP and MAPP additions were the same (30%).