目的了解楚雄州工业企业职业病危害的现状,为职业病防治工作提供依据。方法根据楚雄州职业病危害调查方案,对职业病危害的企业进行现场调查,并结合2007—2013年职业病网络报告情况,对资料进行整理分析。结果楚雄州共有职业病危害企业483家,占39.7%,且以小型私营企业为主;接害人数22 781人,占57.0%;以接触粉尘、噪声、高温的人数最多。开展职业病危害因素监测的企业17家,占3.5%;监测合格率为73.1%。职业健康检查实检率为80.1%,检出率为1.3%,诊断各类职业病473例,主要是尘肺病和铅及其化合物中毒,分别占84.6%和13.7%。发生急性职业中毒事件7起,中毒37人,死亡2人。结论楚雄州职业病危害形势严峻,防治工作有待加强,尤其小型私营企业是职业病危害和防治的重点与难点,应引起企业和政府有关部门的高度重视。 Objective To understand the status quo of occupational diseases in industrial enterprises in Chuxiong Prefecture and provide basis for prevention and control of occupational diseases. Methods Based on the investigation program of occupational hazards in Chuxiong Prefecture, on-the-spot investigation was conducted on enterprises with occupational hazards and the data were analyzed according to the 2007-2013 occupational disease network report. Results A total of 483 occupational hazards were found in Chuxiong, accounting for 39.7% of the total. Chuxiong was dominated by small-scale private-owned enterprises, with 22 781 recipients accounting for 57.0% of the total, and the highest exposure to dust, noise and heat. There are 17 enterprises that carry out the monitoring of occupational hazards, accounting for 3.5%; the monitoring qualified rate is 73.1%. The rate of occupational health examination was 80.1% with a detection rate of 1.3%. 473 cases of various occupational diseases were diagnosed, mainly pneumoconiosis and lead and its compounds, accounting for 84.6% and 13.7% respectively. There were 7 acute occupational poisonings, 37 poisoning and 2 deaths. Conclusion The situation of occupational diseases in Chuxiong Prefecture is serious and prevention and control work needs to be strengthened. In particular, small-scale private-owned enterprises are the key and difficult point of occupational disease hazards and prevention and control and should be given high priority by enterprises and relevant government departments.