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目的分析江西省不同亚型人感染禽流感病例的流行特征,为江西省禽流感防控策略的制定和优化提供科学依据。方法以江西省2013年1月至2016年4月报告的人感染禽流感确诊病例为研究对象,采用流行病学个案调查方法,分析病例的流行病学特征。结果江西省共报告人禽流感确诊病例18例,其中H7N9病例14例,H10N8病例3例,H5N6病例1例;死亡4例,病死率22.22%。88.89%(16/18)的病例发生在1-2、4和12月,61.11%(11/18)的病例出现在鄱阳湖周边地区;病例年龄中位数为62岁(23~80岁),男性占55.56%(10/18);17例病例均有明确的禽类暴露史,病例可疑暴露场所环境相关标本中H7N9、H10N8禽流感病毒阳性标本检出率分别为12.24%和5.19%。结论江西省人感染禽流感病例在冬春季高发,且存在一定的地域集聚性,多数病例发病前有禽类或活禽市场暴露史。建议实施“加强活禽市场管理,控制发病风险”控制措施,并主动开展禽流感病毒病原学监测和血清学调查,系统收集轻症病例和隐性感染者信息,全面分析和掌握我省人禽流感流行特征,为科学防控人禽流感疫情提供依据。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of avian influenza cases in different subtypes of people in Jiangxi province and provide a scientific basis for the formulation and optimization of bird flu prevention and control strategies in Jiangxi Province. Methods The reported cases of bird flu in humans reported from January 2013 to April 2016 in Jiangxi Province were selected as the research subjects, and the epidemiological characteristics of cases were analyzed by epidemiological case investigation. Results A total of 18 confirmed cases of bird flu were reported in Jiangxi Province, including 14 cases of H7N9, 3 cases of H10N8, 1 case of H5N6, 4 cases of death, and the case fatality rate was 22.22%. 88.89% (16/18) cases occurred in January, February, April and December, and 61.11% (11/18) cases occurred in the area around Poyang Lake; the median age of cases was 62 (23-80) And 55.56% (10/18) of men, respectively. All 17 cases had a clear history of bird exposure. The detection rates of positive H7N9 and H10N8 avian influenza viruses were 12.24% and 5.19% respectively in environmental samples of suspected cases of exposure. Conclusion The incidence of bird flu in Jiangxi Province is high in winter and spring, and there is a certain geographical agglomeration. Most cases before the onset of the history of bird or live poultry market exposure. It is suggested to implement the control measures of “strengthening the management of live poultry market and controlling the incidence risk” and take the initiative to carry out the etiological surveillance and serological investigation of avian influenza virus. The system collects the information of mild cases and latent infections systematically and comprehensively analyzes and grasps our province The epidemic characteristics of human bird flu provide the basis for scientific prevention and control of human bird flu outbreak.