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工业社会起源于美国,而近代美国的大发展,让美国人民过上了幸福宽裕的生活,同时也以金融资本主义社会的态势影响了全世界。世界中很多国家纷纷效仿美国的发展模式。而文学,在美国也感受到了社会的剧烈变化,这种变化给美国文学的影响非常深远,使得文学以及文学研究几经波折,风格也呈多样化趋势。尤其是金融领域的快速发展,对人们的价值观念起到了不可逆转的影响。人们从早期的精神自足到如今的物质饥渴,经历战争的波澜之后,文学界逐渐看清了美国资本主义的本质,在战后一度陷入迷茫与颓废的状态。本文从多个角度论述了近代美国的社会变化给美国文学带来的各种影响。
The industrial society originated in the United States, and the great development of modern United States enabled the American people to live a happy and prosperous life. At the same time, it affected the whole world with the situation of financial capitalism. Many countries in the world have followed the pattern of development in the United States. However, the literature also experienced dramatic changes in the society in the United States. Such changes have brought far-reaching influence on American literature, resulting in ups and downs in literary and literary studies and changes in styles. In particular, the rapid development in the financial field has irreversibly affected people’s values. From the early spiritual self-sufficiency to the material thirst of today, after the turmoil of the war, the literary world gradually saw the essence of American capitalism and was confused and decadent after the war. This article expounds the various influences that the social changes in modern America brought to American literature from many angles.