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为了检测构件表面缺陷,根据永久磁铁在构件表面产生的开放磁场现象,采用有限元方法,建立表面缺陷开放磁场磁化模型,得到缺陷漏磁场空间分布特性。通过改变缺陷深度、宽度以及气隙高度,研究表面缺陷参数对开放磁场的影响,分析磁通量密度分量以及幅值等参数变化规律。在实验室条件下进行人工模拟表面缺陷的检测试验。结果表明,试件缺陷位置处磁通量密度较大,磁通量密度随缺陷深度、宽度的增加而增大,且气隙高度越大,磁通量密度越小。有限元研究分析结果与试验结果一致。
In order to detect the surface defects, the open-field magnetization model of surface defects was established by using the finite element method according to the open magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets on the surface of the component. The spatial distribution characteristics of the defect magnetic field were obtained. By changing the defect depth, width and height of air gap, the influence of surface defect parameters on the open magnetic field was studied. The flux density components and the variation of the parameters were analyzed. Artificial simulated surface defects were tested under laboratory conditions. The results show that the magnetic flux density is larger at the defect location, and the magnetic flux density increases with the increase of defect depth and width. The larger the air gap height, the smaller the magnetic flux density. Finite element analysis results are consistent with the experimental results.