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通过大田双季稻轮作试验,研究了在农民习惯施肥的基础上,不同减少氮磷肥料用量的施肥措施对水稻生长、产量的影响。减施氮肥处理结果表明:比农民习惯施肥减施20%氮肥的条件下,施用缓释肥料(80R)产量最高,比传统不减少施氮处理(CFN)增产0.4%,比等养分量纯化肥处理(80F)增产6.0%;用有机肥和化肥配施的处理(30F+50M)比80F增产1.9%;绿肥和化肥配施的处理(50F+30A)比80F显著减产7.2%(P<0.05)。因此,施缓释肥料或用有机肥和化肥配施均能提高产量,减少氮肥施用量。减施磷肥处理结果表明:比农民习惯施肥减少施磷20%的处理均没有减产,说明在本地区减少施磷20%,具有一定的可行性。
The experiment was conducted to study the effects of different fertilization measures on the growth and yield of rice on the basis of peasants’ habitual fertilization through rice in Oita Prefecture. The result of reducing nitrogen fertilizer showed that the yield of 80R was the highest when the fertilizer was reduced by 20% compared with the peasants’ habit of fertilizing, the yield was increased by 0.4% than that of the conventional non-reducing nitrogen fertilizer (CFN) (80F) increased 6.0%; treatment with organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer (30F + 50M) increased 1.9% than 80F; treatment with green manure and chemical fertilizer (50F + 30A) ). Therefore, the slow-release fertilizer or organic fertilizer and fertilizer can increase the yield and reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer. The results of the treatments of decreasing P application showed that the treatment of reducing phosphorus by 20% was less than that of peasants using conventional fertilization, which indicated that it was feasible to reduce 20% P in the area.