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本文在Hsieh and Klenow(2009)理论模型的基础上,针对其生产函数忽视能源要素的不足,对其拓展补充,首次探讨了能源扭曲与企业全要素生率(TFP)的关系,分析了能源扭曲的影响因素,并以2004-2007中国制造业企业微观数据为样本,进行了实证检验。结果显示:(1)保持其他控制变量的情况下,能源扭曲越高,企业TFP越低;(2)企业规模、出口对能源扭曲有负向降低作用,能源强度政策对能源扭曲有增加作用,国有化程度的提高对能源扭曲有降低作用。本文的政策内涵是:通过降低能源扭曲能显著提高TFP;降低能源扭曲的有效途径为:提高企业能源利用效率、增加出口、扩大规模、深化所有制改革并严格执行环境规制制度。
Based on the theoretical model of Hsieh and Klenow (2009), this paper explores the relationship between energy distortion and total factoral productivity (TFP) for the first time and expands its complement to the neglect of energy elements in its production function. The influencing factors were also tested by using the micro-data of Chinese manufacturing enterprises from 2004 to 2007 as samples. The results show: (1) Under the condition of other control variables, the higher the energy distortion, the lower the TFP of the enterprise; (2) The scale of the enterprise and the export have a negative impact on the energy distortion; the energy intensity policy has an effect on the energy distortion, The increase of nationalization has the effect of reducing energy distortion. The policy content of this paper is: TFP can be significantly improved by reducing energy distortion; effective ways to reduce energy distortion include: improving energy efficiency of enterprises, increasing exports, expanding the scale, deepening ownership reform and strictly implementing the environmental regulation system.