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目的了解医院获得性肺炎(HAP)感染病原菌分类及耐药的特点,指导临床合理用物。方法回顾性分析我院2011年至2015年56例医院获得性肺炎痰培养致病微生物阳性患者的痰液病原体培养及药敏资料。结果 56例医院获得性肺炎患者共培养出致病微生物66株,其中细菌64株,占96.97%;真菌2株,占3.03%。细菌以革兰阴性菌为主,共56株,占87.5%;革兰阳性菌8株,占12.5%。病原菌前3位分别为铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌,铜绿假单胞菌对氨苄西林钠、甲氧苄啶、庆大霉素、头孢他啶、头孢呋辛、头孢曲松的耐药率分别为73.33%、73.33%、46.67%、46.67%和46.67%,具有耐多药性,其它较为敏感;鲍曼不动杆菌多重耐药,对亚胺培南敏感;大肠埃希菌对美洛培南、亚胺培南敏感。结论医院获得性肺炎感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,呈多重耐药,及时掌握医院获得性肺炎病原茵及药敏情况,对指导临床合理用药有重要意义。
Objective To understand the classification and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) infection and to guide clinical rational use. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the sputum pathogen culture and drug susceptibility data from 56 patients with pathogenic microorganisms in hospital-acquired pneumonia and sputum culture from 2011 to 2015 in our hospital. Results Sixty-six patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia were co-cultured with 66 pathogenic microorganisms, of which 64 strains were bacteria (96.97%) and 2 were fungi (3.03%). Gram-negative bacteria mainly bacteria, a total of 56, accounting for 87.5%; Gram-positive bacteria 8, accounting for 12.5%. The first three pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ampicillin sodium, trimethoprim, gentamicin, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, The resistance rate of Quedong song was 73.33%, 73.33%, 46.67%, 46.67% and 46.67%, respectively. It was resistant to multidrug and others were more sensitive. Acinetobacter baumannii was multi-drug resistant and sensitive to imipenem. Mycobacterial meropenem, imipenem sensitive. Conclusion The main pathogens of hospital-acquired pneumonia are Gram-negative bacteria. They are multidrug-resistant and have timely access to hospital-acquired pneumonia and drug susceptibility. It is of great importance to guide clinical rational drug use.