论文部分内容阅读
20世纪60年代河南省开展谷子育种工作以来的主要谷子品种遗传基础的分析结果表明:21世纪河南省谷子育种的骨干亲本先后经历了新农724、日本60日、豫谷1号、豫谷2号的变化过程,对上述骨干亲本的系谱进一步追踪发现,该阶段河南省主要谷子品种遗传基础主要来源于米黄谷、日本60日、小柳根4个基础种质,遗传基础相当狭窄;尤其是20世纪80年代以后,育成品种遗传基础狭窄现象越来越严重,1982～2007年通过河南省农作物品种审定委员会审定或国家农作物品种鉴定委员会鉴定的谷子品种中54%含有日本60日血缘,导致育成品种抗性脆弱,产量、品质难以取得较大突破。造成这一现象的原因在于育种手段的单一和人们对少数骨干亲本的集中利用,解决这一问题的途径在于:加强品种资源研究,广泛搜集各种各样的资源,进行亲本材料的创新,并不断进行方法创新,探索一些先进实用的新型谷子育种方法。
The analysis of the genetic basis of the main millet cultivars in Henan since the 1960s showed that the backbone parents of millet breeding in Henan Province in the 21st century experienced successively the new farmers 724, Japan 60, Yugu 1, Yugu 2 The results showed that the genetic basis of major millet cultivars in Henan Province mainly came from Beige Valley, Japan’s 60th and Xiaoyangen’s 4 basic germplasms, and their genetic basis was quite narrow. Especially in the 20th century, 80 Since the end of the 1990s, the narrow genetic base of bred varieties became more and more serious. From 1982 to 2007, 54% of the varieties of millet appraised by the Crop Variety Approval Committee of Henan Province or identified by the National Crop Variety Evaluation Committee contained the blood of 60 days in Japan, resulting in the resistance of bred varieties Fragile, yield, quality is difficult to make a major breakthrough. The reason for this phenomenon lies in the single means of breeding and the centralized use of the minority backbone parents. The solution to this problem lies in strengthening the research of variety resources, extensively collecting all kinds of resources and innovating the parent materials Continue to innovate methods to explore some advanced and practical new millet breeding methods.