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为了分析雷击石油化工装置产生的雷电电磁脉冲危害,基于电流线性衰减的传输线雷电模型,采用时域有限差分法仿真计算了100kA强雷电雷击石油化工装置产生的电磁脉冲。结果表明,水平电场在地面以上受地面反射影响波形变化很大,而地面以下波形变化不大,主要是幅值的变化;垂直电场地面上下的幅值差别非常大,地上的波形随高度的增大差别不大,地下的波形第一个峰值随深度的增大而减小,由于反射的影响,第二个峰值随深度的增大反而有所增大;水平磁场的变化比较规则,地上的水平磁场受高度的影响较小,仅随与通道距离的增大而减小,地下的水平磁场随深度的增大,幅度有所衰减,波形趋向平滑;在地上5m,距离雷电通道10m处的水平电场峰值达到了110kV/m以上,垂直电场峰值达到了240kV/m以上,水平磁场峰值达到了2300A/m以上,如此强大的电磁脉冲对石化企业的防雷设计是一种严峻考验。
In order to analyze the damage of thunder and lightning electromagnetic pulse generated by the lightning petrochemical plant, the electromagnetic pulse generated by a 100kA lightning thunderstorm petrochemical plant was simulated by the finite-difference time-domain method based on the linear lightning current attenuation model. The results show that the horizontal electric field changes greatly above the ground due to the influence of ground reflection, while the waveform below ground does not change much, mainly the amplitude. The vertical electric field has very big amplitude difference between the ground and the ground, The first peak of the underground waveform decreases with the increase of depth. The second peak increases with the increase of depth due to the influence of reflection. The variation of horizontal magnetic field is relatively regular, The horizontal magnetic field is less affected by the height and only decreases with the increase of the distance from the channel. The horizontal magnetic field in the ground decreases with the increase of the depth, and the waveform tends to be smooth. At the distance of 5m above ground and 10m away from the lightning channel The horizontal electric field reaches 110kV / m, the vertical electric field reaches 240kV / m and the horizontal magnetic field reaches more than 2300A / m. Such a powerful electromagnetic pulse is a severe test for the lightning protection design of petrochemical enterprises.