本文以历史的线索描述了当代英国最伟大的伦理学家伯纳德.威廉姆斯的最主要著作,分析了这些著作在伦理学界引起的思想冲击,指出了威廉姆斯思想的原创性和批判性,概括了威廉姆斯一生的学术、思想成就。此外,作者还结合自己与威廉姆斯的交往,对威廉姆斯后来迷恋尼采的思想从而接受尼采式的悲观主义提出了自己的批评。 This article uses historical clues to describe the most important works by contemporary British greatest author Bernard Williams and analyzes the ideological impact caused by these works in the ethics field. It points out the originality and criticism of Williams’ thought Sex, Williams summarized the academic life, ideological achievements. In addition, the author also puts forward his own criticism to accept Nietzschean pessimism by combining his own contacts with Williams and later infatuating with Nietzsche’s thought.