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羊水是胎儿生存的主要环境,正常羊水量对维持妊娠至关重要,各种羊水量异常往往导致不良临床结局。水通道蛋白(aquaporin,AQP)是一种新发现的特异性水转运蛋白,AQP家族由AQP0～12组成,现已证实AQP1,3,8,9在胎盘胎膜组织均有表达,羊水量改变时AQP类会发生相应变化,推测其参与了羊水量的调节。AQP参与的羊水量调节的机制目前仍不十分清楚,磷酸化、高渗、pH值、囊泡转运等可能参与了羊水量的调节。现就水通道蛋白的结构、定位及其对羊水调节的可能机制进行综述。
Amniotic fluid is the main environment for fetal survival, the normal amount of amniotic fluid is essential for the maintenance of pregnancy, all kinds of abnormal amniotic fluid often lead to adverse clinical outcomes. Aquaporin (AQP) is a newly discovered specific water transport protein. The AQP family consists of AQP0-12. It has been demonstrated that AQP1, 3, 8 and 9 are expressed in fetal membranes and the amount of amniotic fluid changes AQP class will change accordingly, speculated that it is involved in the regulation of amniotic fluid volume. AQP involved in the mechanism of amniotic fluid volume regulation is still not very clear, phosphorylation, hypertonic, pH, vesicle transport may be involved in the regulation of amniotic fluid volume. The aquaporin’s structure, location and possible mechanisms of amniotic fluid regulation are reviewed.