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目的 :研究 ras基因 ( N-ras,K-ras,H-ras)第 1 2密码子在喉及下咽癌组织中的突变情况。方法 :采取多聚酶链延伸反应 -限制性片段长度多态性分析 ( polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragmentlength polymorphism,PCR-RFLP)方法 ,对 3 7例喉癌、下咽癌手术标本进行三种 ras基因测定。结果 :三种 ras基因的 1 2位密码子在喉癌及下咽癌组织中的突变率为 3 5.1 % ,其中 N-ras基因的 1 2密码子突变率为 1 6.2 % ( 6/3 7) ,K-ras变突率为 1 3 .5% ( 5/3 7) ,H-ras基因的突变率为 5.4 % ( 2 /3 7)。其突变率与喉癌、下咽癌组织分化类型和分化程度无明显相关性。结论 :ras基因第 1 2密码子是喉癌、下咽癌的突变热点。
Objective: To investigate the mutation of ras gene (N-ras, K-ras, H-ras) codon 12 in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: Three ras genes were detected in 37 surgical specimens of laryngeal carcinoma and hypopharyngeal carcinoma by polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS: The mutation rate of codon 12 in three ras genes was 35.1% in laryngeal carcinoma and hypopharyngeal carcinoma, and the mutation rate of 12 codons in N-ras gene was 12.2% (6/3 7 ), K-ras mutation rate was 13.5% (5/3 7), H-ras gene mutation rate was 5.4% (2/37). The mutation rate and laryngeal cancer, hypopharyngeal cancer tissue differentiation and differentiation was not significantly correlated. Conclusion: The codon 12 of ras gene is a hot spot mutation in laryngeal cancer and hypopharyngeal cancer.