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根据1998～2000年在黄海进行的生物资源底拖网定点试捕调查,所取得的春、夏、秋、冬4季347个样方的无脊椎动物资料,分析了黄海无脊椎动物的资源结构及多样性。调查捕获无脊椎动物53种、2336 896kg、1385397尾。运用相对重要性指数(IRI)作为生态优势度的度量指标,依此来划定每个种在群落中的作用。IRI大于1000的种类定为优势种,全年只有1种,即冷温性的脊腹褐虾(Crangonaffinis),该种的渔获量占总渔获量的61 4%;IRI值在1000～100的种类定为重要种,有3种(类),即枪乌贼(Loligosp )、太平洋褶柔鱼(Todarodespacificus)和鹰爪虾(Trachypenaeuscurvirostris),它们的渔获量占总渔获量的25 8%。使用物种丰富度指数(D)、Shannon Wiener多样性指数(H′)和种类均匀性指数(J′)剖析了该水域无脊椎动物群落的多样性特征。群落各样方指数D=0 000～2 347,H′=0 000～2 140,J′=0 006～1 000。此外还采用Bray Curis指数CN来比较黄海不同区域无脊椎动物群落之间物种组成的相似性。研究结果表明,黄海北部无脊椎动物群落与黄海南部无脊椎动物群落之间的种类组成相似性最高,CN=0 846,黄海中部无脊椎动物群落与黄海南部无脊椎动物群落之间的种类组成相似性最低,CN=0 478。经分析,黄海现有无脊椎动物群落的优势种及多样性具有比较好的稳定性。
Based on the investigation of bottom trawl selection of biological resources carried out in the Yellow Sea from 1998 to 2000 and the information of invertebrates collected from 347 quadrats during the spring, summer, autumn and winter seasons, the resource structure of Yellow Sea invertebrates, Diversity. Investigation captured 53 invertebrates, 2336 896kg, 1385397 tails. The use of relative importance index (IRI) as a measure of ecological dominance delineates the role of each species in the community. The species with IRI over 1000 were identified as the dominant species, with only 1 species being cold-resistant Crangonaffinis, which accounted for 61.4% of the total catch. The IRI ranged from 1000 to 100 Three species of Loligosp, Todarodespacificus and Trachypenaeus curvirostris were identified as important species and accounted for 25.8% of the total catch . Species richness index (D), Shannon Wiener diversity index (H ’) and species homogeneity index (J’) were used to analyze the diversity of invertebrate community in this area. The square of each community index D = 0 000 ~ 2 347, H ’= 0 000 ~ 2 140, J’ = 0 006 ~ 1 000. In addition, Bray Curis index CN was used to compare the similarity of species composition between invertebrate communities in different regions of the Yellow Sea. The results showed that the species composition between the invertebrate community in the northern Yellow Sea and the invertebrate community in the southern Yellow Sea was the highest, CN = 0 846, similar in species composition between the invertebrate community in the Yellow Sea and the invertebrate community in the southern Yellow Sea Sex lowest, CN = 0 478. After analysis, the dominant species and diversity of the existing invertebrate communities in the Yellow Sea have relatively good stability.