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塔里木盆地优质气源岩（有机碳含量大于等于０．５％）主要赋存于寒武一奥陶系、石炭一二叠系、三叠一件罗系三大层系中，它们具有不同的平面分布规律和不同的岩石学、沉积学、有机地球化学特征。据现今的生烃产物类型评价，则包括了仅能生气的气源岩与既能生油、又能生气的油一气源岩两大类型，从而区别于四川盆地和鄂尔多斯盆地。研究结果表明，特定构造背景下的特殊沉积环境与源岩的有机质类型及其热演化程度三大因素决定气源岩的发育与否及其质量优劣。
The high-quality gas source rocks (organic carbon content 0.5%) in the Tarim Basin mainly occur in three Cambrian-Ordovician, Carboniferous-Permian and Triassic parts of the Loess Series. They have different Plane distribution law and different petrology, sedimentology, organic geochemical characteristics. According to the current types of hydrocarbon generation evaluation, it includes two types of gas source rock that can only be angry and oil-gas source rock that can generate oil and gas, thus distinguishing it from the Sichuan Basin and the Ordos Basin. The results show that the special sedimentary environment and the organic matter types and the degree of thermal evolution of the source rock under the specific tectonic setting determine whether the gas source rock is developed or not and its quality.