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目的通过大样本流行病学调查,了解北京地区肥胖儿童青少年血脂状况,为早期预防心血管疾病的发生提供科学依据。方法对北京市4个市区包括东城、西城、海淀、朝阳,3个郊区包括大兴、平谷、延庆共7个城郊区县的6~19岁儿童青少年进行横断面的流行病学调查,共19450例。男9 727例,女9723例;年龄(12.59±3.25)岁。城区儿童青少年10292例,郊区儿童青少年9158例。测量所有对象的体质量、身高,计算体质量指数(BMI),参照《中国学生超重、肥胖BMI筛查标准》,根据BMI将被调查人群分为肥胖组(n=2220)、超重组(n=1690)和正常组(n=15540),应用Accutrend GCT诊断仪检测各组周围血总胆固醇(TC)和三酰甘油(TG)。应用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析。结果肥胖组TC、TG水平均显著高于超重组及正常组(Pa<0.01)。在正常组中,女生TC、TG显著高于男生,城区人群TC水平显著高于郊区,而郊区人群TG水平显著高于城区(Pa<0.01)。在超重组中,男生和女生TC水平无显著性差异,TG水平女生显著高于男生(P<0.01),城区人群TC水平显著高于郊区(P<0.05),而城区、郊区人群TG水平无显著性差异。在肥胖组中,男生和女生TC水平及TG水平均无显著性差异,城区、郊区人群间比较TC、TG水平均无显著性差异。结论肥胖儿童青少年血TC、TG水平显著升高,血脂水平存在城郊区间及性别间的分布特征。
Objective To understand the blood lipid status of obese children and adolescents in Beijing through large sample epidemiological investigation and provide a scientific basis for early prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Methods A cross-sectional epidemiological investigation was conducted in four urban districts of Beijing including Dongcheng, Xicheng, Haidian, Chaoyang and three suburbs including Daxing, Pinggu and Yanqing in a total of 7 suburban counties and counties, with a total of 19,450 example. 9 727 males and 9723 females; age (12.59 ± 3.25) years old. 10292 urban children and adolescents, 9158 rural children and adolescents. The body mass and height of all subjects were measured, body mass index (BMI) was calculated, and according to the Chinese Students Overweight and Obesity BMI Screening Standard, the surveyed population was divided into obesity group (n = 2220) = 1690) and normal group (n = 15540). The levels of total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) were measured by Accutrend GCT. SPSS 13.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The levels of TC and TG in obesity group were significantly higher than those in overweight group and normal group (Pa <0.01). In the normal group, girls TC and TG were significantly higher than boys, TC levels in urban areas were significantly higher than suburbs, while suburban population TG levels were significantly higher (Pa <0.01). In the overweight group, there was no significant difference in TC levels between boys and girls, TG girls were significantly higher than boys (P <0.01), TC levels in urban areas were significantly higher than those in suburbs (P <0.05), while TG levels in urban areas and suburbs Significant difference. There was no significant difference in TC level and TG level between boys and girls in obesity group, but there was no significant difference between the urban and suburban populations in terms of TC and TG. Conclusion The levels of blood TC and TG in obese children and adolescents are significantly increased, while the levels of blood lipids are distributed in the suburbs and between sexes.