论文部分内容阅读
河北省是我国最缺水的省区之一,地表水资源利用率现已超过了50%,河水断流,地下水严重超采。20年来,累计超采300亿m~3,致使太行山前平原地下水位下降速度达1.5-2.0米/年,东部平原为0.5-1.5米/年。水资源短缺已成为困扰河北,影响京、津生态安全用水,有碍农业发展和社会稳定的关键因素。河北省一方面缺水严重,另一方面农业节水发展缓慢,因而,占总用水量70%以上的农业用水浪费严重。目前,河北平原地区粮田水资源利用效率仅为1kg/t,比发达国家低一倍以上。据初步计算,如将农田水分利用率提高到1.5kg/t,即可缓解河北平原地区水位下降的趋势。中国科学院石家庄农业现代化研究所刘昌明院士和国土资源部水文地质环境研究所张宗祜院士,为减
Hebei Province is one of the most water-scarce provinces and autonomous regions in China. The utilization rate of surface water resources has now exceeded 50%. The river water is cut off and groundwater is severely over-exploited. Over the past 20 years, over 30 billion m 3 have been overexploited, resulting in the descending rate of groundwater table in the Taihang piedmont reaching 1.5-2.0 m / year and that in the eastern plain 0.5-1.5 m / year. The shortage of water resources has become a key factor that plagues Hebei and affects the eco-safe water use of Beijing and Tianjin and hinders the agricultural development and social stability. On the one hand, Hebei Province has a serious shortage of water and, on the other hand, slow development of water saving in agriculture. As a result, agricultural water accounts for more than 70% of total water consumption. At present, the utilization efficiency of grain water resources in Hebei Plain is only 1kg / t, more than double that of developed countries. According to preliminary calculations, if the farmland water use efficiency increased to 1.5kg / t, you can ease the decline of Hebei plain water trend. Academician Liu Changming, Institute of Agricultural Modernization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Academician Zhang Zongyuan, Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Science, Ministry of Land and Resources,