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介绍了一种基于电磁超声波技术的火车车轮表面裂纹自动检测系统的设计方法。分析了电磁超声波的产生机理,设计了电磁超声表面波换能器(Electro-magnetic acoustic transducer),实现了电磁超声波信号的发射与接收。利用锁相放大技术处理微弱的裂纹回波信号,提高了系统的抗干扰能力,降低了系统的等效噪声带宽。并设计了基于PCI总线的高速数据采集卡,利用专用接口芯片PCI9030设计接口电路,将数据传送到上位机。实际测试结果表明、系统性能稳定,满足技术指标要求。
A design method of automatic detection system of train wheel surface crack based on electromagnetic ultrasonic technology is introduced. The generation mechanism of electromagnetic ultrasonic was analyzed. Electro-magnetic acoustic transducer was designed to realize the transmission and reception of electromagnetic ultrasonic signal. The use of phase-locked amplification technology to deal with weak crack echo signal to improve the anti-interference ability of the system and reduce the system’s equivalent noise bandwidth. And designed based on the PCI bus high-speed data acquisition card, the use of special interface chip PCI9030 interface circuit design, the data sent to the host computer. The actual test results show that the system performance is stable, to meet the technical requirements.