对于已经掌握了某一语言的基本语音、词汇和语法结构的外语学习者来说,其外语学习必然会受到母语语音、词汇、语义和语法知识的影响。这种影响称为外语学习中母语迁移现象。本文以学习西班牙语为例分析讨论了以汉语为母语的学习者会受到的母语迁移影响,希望跟教师们共同分享,并倡导在教学中应根据学习者的不同情况,区别对待母语的正、负迁移作用,来帮助中国学习者克服各种障碍,提高学习效率。 For foreign language learners who have mastered the basic phonetic, lexical and grammatical structures of a language, their foreign language learning is bound to be influenced by their mother tongue pronunciation, vocabulary, semantics and grammar knowledge. This effect is called mother tongue migration in foreign language learning. This article takes Spanish as an example to analyze and discuss the influence of the transfer of native speakers who are native speakers of Chinese and hope to share with the teachers and advocate that positive discrimination should be made according to different learners in their teaching. Negative transfer to help Chinese learners overcome various obstacles and improve their learning efficiency.