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芽变选种在柑橘品种选育中占有重要地位,但是在自然条件下柑橘的自发变异率较低;本研究利用叠氮化钠(Na N3)处理纽荷尔脐橙枝条腋芽,通过分析处理条件下枝条的存活率与观察枝条腋芽处新生长出的枝叶形态有无变异,探索Na N3处理柑橘腋芽的诱变效应和方法,以期为研发柑橘芽变创制技术提供实验证据。实验结果显示:当Na N3浓度≤5 mmol/L,纽荷尔脐橙枝条的存活率为86.7%~100%;Na N3浓度为10 mmol/L,处理时间为3 h时纽荷尔脐橙枝条的存活率为64%、处理时间为24 h时纽荷尔脐橙枝条的存活率为51.7%;观察Na N3处理后枝条腋芽处生发出的新梢枝叶形态发现,一些叶片形态发生了变化,并且变异叶片在枝条上生长的位置毗邻;利用SRAP分子标记检测出一些新梢变异叶片的基因组DNA发生了变化。本研究结果表明,化学诱变剂Na N3处理纽荷尔脐橙枝条能够对腋芽产生诱变效应,5~10 mmol/L的Na N3浓度、处理时间24 h的诱变方法可适用于纽荷尔脐橙枝条腋芽诱变工作。
The mutation selection of mutants plays an important role in citrus breeding, but the spontaneous mutation rate of citrus is lower under natural conditions. In this study, axillary buds of Newhall navel orange branches were treated with sodium azide (Na N3) The survival rate of the lower branches and the observed branches of axillary buds newly grown branches and leaves morphology without variation, to explore Na N3 treatment of citrus axillary buds mutagenic effects and methods to develop experimental techniques for the development of citrus germination technology to provide evidence. The experimental results showed that the survival rate of Newhall navel orange branches was 86.7% -100% when Na N3 concentration was less than 5 mmol / L, while that of Newhall navel orange branches when Na N3 concentration was 10 mmol / L and treatment time was 3 h The survival rate of Newhall navel orange shoots was 51.7% with the survival rate of 64% and the treatment time of 24 h. The morphology of branches and shoots of shoots emerging from the axillary buds of shoots after NaN3 treatment was observed. Some of the leaves showed morphological changes, The leaves grow adjacent to the shoots. The SRAP molecular markers were used to detect changes in the genomic DNA of some shoots. The results showed that the chemical mutagen treatment Na N3 Newhall navel orange shoots can produce mutagenic effects of axillary buds, 5 ~ 10 mmol / L of Na N3 concentration, the treatment time of 24 h mutagenesis method can be applied to Newhall Umbilical shoots axillary bud mutagenesis.