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一、绪言一种材料抵抗断裂的能力,显然取决于它的组织结构,但是,组织结构对断裂影响的规律和机理,至今尚未被人们完全了解。组织不均匀性对于延性断裂的发生所起的重要作用,在文献[1—4]中已受到普遍重视。局部应力和应变的集中可造成微观粒子本身开裂(非金属夹杂物及碳化物颗粒)、粒子与基体的界面脱离以及在晶粒间界处也会形成裂纹。这些过程会导致产生孔
I. INTRODUCTION The ability of a material to resist cracking obviously depends on its organizational structure. However, the laws and mechanisms of the influence of structural organization on fracture have not yet been fully understood. Tissue inhomogeneity plays an important role in the occurrence of ductile fracture, which has been widely recognized in the literature [1-4]. Local stress and strain concentration can cause microscopic particles themselves to crack (non-metallic inclusions and carbide particles), the interface between the particles and the matrix detachment and the formation of cracks in the grain boundaries. These processes can lead to holes