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本研究通过对苹果绵蚜(Eriosoma lanigerum Haus.)和苹果绵蚜蚜小蜂(Aphelinus mali Hald.)的生物学和生态学特性的比较分析,得到如下结论:(1)苹果绵蚜完成一世代的积温要求和发育起点温度均低于苹果绵蚜蚜小蜂,二者的有效积温分别为352.19日度和375.51日度,发育起点温度分别为7.62度和7.95度。因此,苹果绵蚜较其寄生蜂更适合于昆明地区的气候条件;(2)苹果绵蚜种群的增长能力大于苹果绵蚜蚜小蜂,二者的内禀增长率在20℃下分别为0.1390和0.1146,在25℃下分别为0.2647和0.1628。这可能是昆明地区苹果绵蚜蚜小蜂不能控制苹果绵蚜为害的主要原因。另外,本研究首次利用卡方密度函数对各种温度下的昆虫产卵的时间分布进行了拟合,取得了较好的效果。
In this study, we compared the biological and ecological characteristics of Eriosoma lanigerum Haus. And Aphelinus mali Hald. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The accumulative temperature requirement and developmental starting temperature were lower than that of the apple aphid Aphididae, the effective accumulated temperature of the two was 352.19 days and 375.51 days respectively, and the developmental starting temperatures were 7.62 degrees and 7.95 degrees respectively. Therefore, the apple aphid was more suitable for the climatic conditions in Kunming than its parasitic wasp. (2) The growth capacity of the apple aphid population was greater than that of the apple aphid Aphid, the intrinsic rate of increase of the two was 0.1390 And 0.1146 at 0.2647 and 0.1628 at 25 ° C, respectively. This may be the main reason that the small apple bee can not control the apple aphid in Kunming area. In addition, for the first time, the chi-square density function was used to fit the temporal distribution of insects spawning at various temperatures and achieved good results.