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第一节日本【概念释义】▲日本的加工贸易经济教材有两个知识要点:(1)国际分工的方式——垂直型二战后,各国生产力发展到一定程度,形成国际地域分工和劳动分工,各国在参加国际分工时,根据本国国情形成了不同方式——垂直型、水平型、混合型。日本是“垂直型”的典型代表,即廉价进口原料,高价出口制成品,从而获得暴利。(2)跨国公司打进他国市场例如,1972年日本跨国公司在发展中国家和地区设445家分支公司,开发当地资源,加工、制造或推销日本母公司的产品。同时设在发达国家的公司有223家。近年来,日本在美国就有500多家企业,制造钢铁、汽车、电子工业产品,争夺销售市场。▲火山活动给人类带来的利与弊火山喷发破坏田园、建筑,有时引起地震,但也带来肥沃的火山灰土和硫磺等有用矿物。【知识拓宽】▲日本的富裕与节约日本是发达国家,人均国内生产总
Section I Japan [Concept Interpretation] ▲ Japan’s economic textbooks for processing trade have two main points of knowledge: (1) The way of international division of labor - Vertical After World War II, the productive forces of all countries have developed to a certain extent and formed the international division of labor and division of labor, When participating in the international division of labor, all countries have formed different modes according to their national conditions - vertical, horizontal and mixed. Japan is a typical representative of “vertical type”, that is, it imports cheap raw materials and exports manufactured goods at high prices, thus generating huge profits. (2) Transnational Corporations Enter Other Countries For example, in 1972, Japanese transnational corporations set up 445 branch companies in developing countries and regions to develop local resources and process, manufacture or market Japanese parent products. There are also 223 companies in developed countries. In recent years, Japan has more than 500 enterprises in the United States, manufacturing steel, automobile, electronic industrial products and competing for the sales market. ▲ Volcano activity to human advantage and disadvantages Volcano eruption destruction of pastoral buildings, sometimes causing earthquakes, but also bring fertile volcanic ash and sulfur and other useful minerals. Knowledge widening ▲ Japan’s wealth and conservation Japan is a developed country with a per capita gross domestic product