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老龄人口更易遭遇贫困的风险,面向老龄人口开展反贫困管理是各国政府公共政策的重要内容。世界老龄人口的贫困主要表现为六大差异特征:区域性差异、性别差异、年龄差异、家庭结构差异、种族差异及城乡差异。基于对世界老龄人口贫困特征的分析,老龄人口反贫困的公共政策选择主要包括:通过公共养老金计划向老龄人口提供“社会安全网”;延迟退休年龄;基于性别公平视角优化养老金制度设计;实现全面健康服务的可得性;提升就业质量,降低非正规就业;宏观经济增长战略转向包容性增长。
The aging population is more exposed to the risk of poverty and the anti-poverty management for the aged population is an important part of the government’s public policies. The world’s aging population is mainly characterized by six major characteristics of poverty: regional differences, gender differences, age differences, family structure differences, ethnic differences and urban-rural differences. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of poverty in the world’s aging population, public policy options for anti-poverty in the aging population mainly include: providing “social safety nets” to the elderly through the public pension plan; delaying the retirement age; and optimizing the pension system based on the gender equality perspective Design; Access to comprehensive health services; Quality of employment, Reducing informal employment; Macroeconomic growth strategies shift to inclusive growth.