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目的了解重庆市居民超重与肥胖现状及其相关疾病的发病情况。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,对重庆市沙坪坝区人群进行问卷调查,获得居民个人基本情况,体检获取身高、体质指数(BMI)等数据。结果共收集有效问卷59 264份。样本人群BMI均值为(21.82±2.80)kg/m2,超重和肥胖的患病率分别为14.30%和1.83%;女性超重和肥胖(14.83%和2.07%)比例高于男性(13.70%和1.57%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);18~岁年龄组超重和肥胖率最低,随着年龄的增长,超重和肥胖率都呈上升趋势;65~岁组超重、肥胖率均最高(24.62%和3.48%),随体质指数的增加,高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中、高脂血症的患病率均呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。结论被调查人群中超重、肥胖及其相关疾病患病率较高,应尽早采取预防控制措施,对居民进行防治知识的宣传教育。
Objective To understand the status of overweight and obesity in Chongqing residents and the incidence of related diseases. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to survey the population of Shapingba District in Chongqing. The questionnaires were collected to obtain the basic information of residents and the physical examination to get the height and body mass index (BMI). Results A total of 59 264 valid questionnaires were collected. The mean BMI in the sample population was (21.82 ± 2.80) kg / m2, and the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 14.30% and 1.83% respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in women was higher than that of males (13.70% and 1.57% ), The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); overweight and obesity rates were the lowest in 18 ~ age group, with the increase of age, overweight and obesity rates showed an upward trend; over 65 years of age group, the highest obesity rate (24.62% and 3.48% respectively). With the increase of body mass index, the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, stroke and hyperlipidemia all showed an increasing trend (P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of overweight, obesity and related diseases in the surveyed population is relatively high. Prevention and control measures should be adopted as soon as possible to publicize and educate residents about prevention and treatment.