大视场、超光谱分辨率、高空间分辨是光谱成像仪的发展方向,谱线弯曲和色畸变的抑制则是二维谱图信息准确提取的前提。提出了一种棱镜-光栅光谱成像结构形式,并采用矢量方法构建了棱镜-光栅组合色散元件的数学模型,优化了分光模块的结构参数,基于此组合色散元件设计了一个具有近直视光路结构的超光谱成像仪光学系统。该系统光谱范围为400~800nm,入射狭缝长为14mm,F数为2.4,其光谱分辨率达0.5nm,调制传递函数(MTF)在探测器奈奎斯特频率68lp/mm处均大于0.7,谱线弯曲和色畸变均小于1μm,低于单个像素的13.5%。 Large field of view, high spectral resolution, high spatial resolution is the development direction of spectral imager, spectral curve bending and color distortion is the premise of accurate extraction of two-dimensional spectral information. A prism-grating spectral imaging structure is proposed. The mathematical model of the prism-grating combination dispersive element is constructed by using the vector method. The structural parameters of the spectroscopic module are optimized. Based on the combined dispersive element, a near-direct optical path structure Hyperspectral Imager Optical System. The system has a spectral range of 400-800 nm, an incident slit length of 14 mm, an F number of 2.4 and a spectral resolution of 0.5 nm. The MTF of the system is greater than 0.7 at a detector Nyquist frequency of 68 lp / mm , Spectral line bending and color distortion are less than 1μm, lower than 13.5% of a single pixel.