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近年来,对于叙事理论中心议题“不可靠叙述”的研究主要集中在修辞型研究和认知型(建构)研究这两个方向。由于修辞型强调隐含作者规范,而认知型强调读者的接受差异,两者的基本立场是迥异的,但是又各有利弊,在不可靠叙述研究中都难以独挡一面。以威廉·布莱克诗歌《升天节》的具体文本为例进行分析,对其不可靠叙述进行修辞和认知两种不同维度的解读得出的结果都具有片面性,不能任由其平行共存,而是需要考虑到彼此的关系,综合两种研究路径,方能对作品进行合理的评价。
In recent years, the research on the central topic of “narrative theory” and “unreliable narration” mainly focuses on the two directions of rhetorical research and cognitive construction. Because rhetorical emphasis implies authors ’norms and cognition emphasizes readers’ acceptance differences, the basic positions of the two are quite different, but they all have their own advantages and disadvantages. It is hard to stand alone in unreliable narrative studies. Taking the concrete text of Ascension Day by William Black as an example, the results of interpreting its unreliable narrative in two different dimensions of rhetoric and cognition are all unilateral. They can not be allowed to coexist in parallel but instead We need to take into account the relationship between each other, the two research paths, in order to make a reasonable evaluation of the work.