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[目的]了解三明市麻疹流行病学特征,探讨控制策略和措施。[方法]对三明市2002—2007麻疹流行强度、时间、地区、年龄分布以及免疫史情况进行描述性分析。[结果]2002—2007年三明市麻疹发病率为0.88/10万~7.68/10万,各县均有病例分布,4~7月为高发季节。0~14岁儿童占74.4%,76.9%病例无免疫史或免疫史不详,19.5%的病例接种过1剂次,3.6%接种过2剂次。[结论]免疫空白人群积累、麻疹监测不到位是导致麻疹流行的主要原因,在保持高水平的麻疹初次免疫接种率基础上,提高复种接种率,做好麻疹监测以及加强入托入学儿童查验接种证工作,对免疫空白儿童开展补充免疫是控制麻疹的有效措施。
[Objective] To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Sanming City and to explore control strategies and measures. [Method] The epidemic intensity, time, area, age distribution and immunization history of measles in Sanming from 2002 to 2007 were analyzed descriptively. [Results] The incidence of measles in Sanming from 2002 to 2007 ranged from 0.88 / 100 000 to 7.68 / 100 000 with distributional cases in all counties and high incidence season from April to July. Children aged 0-14 years accounted for 74.4%. No history of immunization or immunization history was found in 76.9% of the cases. 19.5% of the cases were vaccinated once and 3.6% were vaccinated twice. [Conclusion] The accumulation of immune blank population and the lack of measles monitoring are the main reasons leading to the epidemic of measles. Based on the high initial measles immunization rate, the coverage of vaccination should be increased, the measles surveillance should be conducted and the vaccination certificate should be strengthened Work, immunization blank children to carry out supplementary immunization is an effective measure to control measles.